Shark Bites Often Driven by Self-Defense, Not Predation, Study Finds.

Contrary to the dramatic portrayals often seen in media, a significant number of shark bites on humans may stem from self-defense rather than deliberate attacks. A recent study published in Frontiers in Conservation Science highlights that certain shark species exhibit defensive behaviors when they perceive human actions as threats.​

Dr. Eric Clua, a shark specialist at Université PSL and the study's lead author, emphasizes that these defensive bites are reactions to perceived aggression from humans. "These bites are simply a manifestation of survival instinct, and the responsibility for the incident needs to be reversed," Clua stated.​

The research analyzed shark bite incidents in French Polynesia from 2009 to 2023, documenting 74 cases. Among these, four incidents—approximately 5%—were likely motivated by self-defense. Such bites typically occur when sharks perceive human activities, like spearfishing or attempts to touch them, as threatening. These defensive bites often result in superficial, non-lethal wounds and lack prior warning signs.​

Expanding their analysis globally, researchers examined the Global Shark Attack Files, which catalog nearly 7,000 shark bite incidents since 1863. They identified 322 cases potentially driven by self-defense, aligning with the 5% observed in French Polynesia. This consistency suggests that defensive shark bites are a worldwide phenomenon.​

Dr. Clua notes that species like the gray reef shark are particularly territorial and may react defensively when humans enter their space. "A human merely intruding into their space could be enough," he explained. Such reactions are not acts of revenge but immediate responses to perceived threats.​

To minimize the risk of shark bites, the study advises avoiding behaviors that sharks might interpret as aggressive. This includes refraining from touching or attempting to assist sharks, even if they appear distressed. "Do not interact physically with a shark, even if it appears harmless or is in distress," Clua cautioned. "It may at any moment consider this to be an aggression and react accordingly."​

This research challenges the common perception of sharks as aggressive predators and underscores the importance of understanding their behavior. Recognizing that many shark bites are defensive can lead to better safety practices and foster a more respectful coexistence between humans and these marine animals.​

Source:https://phys.org/news/2025-04-shark-survival-instinct-contrary-media.html

This is non-financial/medical advice and made using AI so could be wrong.